Sensor calibration is the process of adjusting and fine-tuning sensors to ensure accurate and precise measurements. This involves comparing the output of a sensor to a known standard and making adjustments to eliminate any errors or discrepancies in the readings. Calibration is essential for maintaining the reliability and accuracy of sensors in various fields such as environmental monitoring, industrial automation, medical devices, and scientific research. Proper calibration can improve measurement accuracy, reduce measurement errors, and ensure the consistency and reliability of sensor data.